ASEAN Community Essay

ASEAN, â€Å"One vision, one character, one community† As ASEAN part, I am mindful of ASEAN history. It began on August 8, 1967 with 5 nations: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, however it transformed into 10 following quite a while of accomplishment: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. From that point forward, these 10 nations have been participating and working together for the advantages of the individuals and their nation. Have you at any point thought how significant ASEAN is? In 2015, ASEAN COMMUNITY will be propelled and I may state that it gives a profitable effect on culture, instruction and the travel industry of every nation part. For instance, in Thailand, ASEAN brings social decent variety. Numerous nationalities are currently remaining in Thailand for excursion, business or employment, amusement, training, exchange or industry. The beneficial thing is in spite of t he distinctions, we despite everything live in harmony and congruity. Similarly, Thailand has gotten progressively open to grasp finding out about culture and language of different nations. ASEAN goodly affects training. By methods for participation, understudies and educators will build up their aptitudes and they get an opportunity to facilitate their investigations abroad. In school, understudies will find out about these 10 nations. Language particularly English will be generally spoken by the individuals in ASEAN Community. We will turn out to be all the more all around serious. ASEAN goodly affects the travel industry. Individuals from the southeast Asia have chances to go without problem. AFTA or Asia Free Trade Area is another beneficial thing to advance the travel industry. Subsequently, individuals from ASEAN will most likely appreciate shopping and heading out starting with one nation then onto the next and this prompts a decent relationship. At last, I am pleased to be an individual from ASEAN. At school I am being developed in my capacity on English to be a superior and increasingly effective Thai resident. I thank my educators for they have done a ton are as yet doing much in building up my capacities to be a superior client of English. May it be a test for all understudies to be not kidding in learning the English language to turn out to be universally serious.

Foundation and Empire 25. Death Of A Psychologist

After that there were just fourteen days left to the life of Ebling Mis. Also, in those fourteen days, Bayta was with him multiple times. The first run through was on the night after the night whereupon they saw Colonel Pritcher. The second was multi week later. What's more, the third was again seven days after the fact †on the most recent day †the day Mis passed on. Initially, there was the evening of Colonel Pritcher's night, the principal hour of which was spent by a stricken pair in an agonizing, unmerry carousel. Bayta stated, â€Å"Torie, we should tell Ebling.† Toran said slowly, â€Å"Think he can help?† â€Å"We're just two. We must drop a portion of the weight. Perhaps he can help.† Toran stated, â€Å"He's changed. He's shed pounds. He's somewhat padded; a little woolly.† His fingers grabbed in air, figuratively. â€Å"Sometimes, I don't think he'll help us muchever. Some of the time, I don't think anything will help.† â€Å"Don't!† Bayta's voice got and got away from a break, â€Å"Torie, don't! At the point when you state that, I think the Mule's getting us. We should tell Ebling, Torie †now!† Ebling Mis raised his head from the long work area, and dimmed at them as they drew nearer. His diminishing hair was scraped up, his lips made drowsy, smacking sounds. â€Å"Eh?† he said. â€Å"Someone need me?† Bayta twisted to her knees, â€Å"Did we wake you? Will we leave?† â€Å"Leave? Who right? Bayta? No, no, remain! Aren't there seats? I saw them-† His finger pointed ambiguously. Toran pushed two in front of him. Bayta plunked down and took one of the analyst's flabby turns in hers. â€Å"May we converse with you, Doctor?† She seldom utilized the title. â€Å"Is something wrong?† A little shimmer came back to his disconnected eyes. His listing cheeks recaptured a bit of shading. â€Å"Is something wrong?† Bayta stated, â€Å"Captain Pritcher has been here. Allow me to talk, Torie. You recall Captain Pritcher, Doctor?† â€Å"Yes-Yes-† His fingers squeezed his lips and discharged them. â€Å"Tall man. Democrat.† â€Å"Yes, he. He's found the Mule's change. He was here, Doctor, and told us.† â€Å"But that is the same old thing. The Mule's transformation is fixed out.† In fair wonder, â€Å"Haven't I let you know? Have I neglected to tell you?† â€Å"Forgotten to let us know what?† put in Toran, rapidly. â€Å"About the Mule's change, obviously. He alters feelings. Passionate control! I haven't let you know? Presently what made me forget?† Slowly, he sucked in his under lip and considered. At that point, gradually, life crawled into his voice and his eyelids lifted wide, just as his slow cerebrum had slid onto a very much lubed single track. He talked in a fantasy, looking between the two audience members as opposed to at them. â€Å"It is actually so straightforward. It requires no specific information. In the science of psychohistory, obviously, it turns out to be immediately, in a third-level condition including no more †Never mind that. It tends to be placed into common words †generally †and have it bode well, which isn't regular with psychohistorical wonders. â€Å"Ask yourselves †What can disturb Hari Seldon's cautious plan of history, eh?† He looked from one to the next with a mellow, addressing uneasiness. â€Å"What were Seldon's unique suppositions? To begin with, that there would be no basic change in human culture throughout the following thousand years. â€Å"For occasion, assume there were a significant change in the Galaxy's innovation, for example, finding another standard for the usage of vitality, or consummating the investigation of electronic neurobiology. Social changes would render Seldon's unique conditions old. Be that as it may, that hasn't occurred, has it now?† â€Å"Or assume that another weapon were to be designed by powers outside the Foundation, fit for withstanding all the Foundation's combat hardware. That may cause a ruinous deviation, however less absolutely. Yet, even that hasn't occurred. The Mule's Nuclear Field-Depressor was an awkward weapon and could be countered. Also, that was the main oddity he introduced, poor as it might have been. â€Å"But there was a subsequent suspicion, a progressively unobtrusive one! Seldon expected that human response to boosts would stay steady. Conceded that the principal presumption remained constant, at that point the second more likely than not separated! Some factor must be curving and twisting the enthusiastic reactions of individuals or Seldon couldn't have fizzled and the Foundation couldn't have fallen. Also, what factor yet the Mule? â€Å"Am I right? Is there a defect in the reasoning?† Bayta's full hand tapped his tenderly. â€Å"No imperfection, Ebling.† Mis was happy, similar to a kid. â€Å"This and more comes so without any problem. I disclose to you I wonder in some cases what is happening inside me. I appear to review when so much was a secret to me and now things are so clear. Issues are missing. I run over what may be one, and some way or another, inside me, I see and comprehend. Furthermore, my speculations, my hypotheses appear to be consistently to be borne out. There's a drive in me†¦ consistently onward†¦ with the goal that I can't stop†¦ and I would prefer not to eat or sleep†¦ yet consistently go on†¦ and on†¦ and on-â€Å" His voice was a murmur; his squandered, blue-veined hand rested tremblingly upon his brow. There was a free for all in his eyes that blurred and went out. He said all the more discreetly, â€Å"Then I never informed you concerning the Mule's freak powers, did I? Be that as it may, then†¦ did you say you thought about it?† â€Å"It was Captain Pritcher, Ebling,† said Bayta. â€Å"Remember?† â€Å"He told you?† There was a tinge of shock in his tone. â€Å"But how could he find out?† â€Å"He's been molded by the Mule. He's a colonel now, a Mule's man. He came to encourage us to give up to the Mule, and he let us know †what you told us.† â€Å"Then the Mule knows we're here? I should rush †Where's Magnifico? Isn't he with you?† â€Å"Magnifico's sleeping,† said Toran, eagerly. â€Å"It's past 12 PM, you know.† â€Å"It is? At that point †Was I resting when you came in?† â€Å"You were,† said Bayta definitively, â€Å"and you're not returning to work, either. You're getting into bed. Please, Torie, help me. Furthermore, you quit pushing at me, Ebling, on the grounds that it's simply your karma I don't push you under a shower first. Pull off his shoes, Torie, and tomorrow you descend here and drag him out beyond any confining influence air before he blurs totally away. Take a gander at you, Ebling, you'll be developing spider webs. Are you hungry?† Ebling Mis shook his head and gazed upward from his bed in a touchy disarray. â€Å"I need you to send Magnifico down tomorrow,† he murmured. Bayta tucked the sheet around his neck. â€Å"You'll have me down tomorrow, with washed garments. You're going to clean up, and afterward get out and visit the homestead and feel a little sun on you.† â€Å"I won't do it,† said Mis pitifully. â€Å"You hear me? I'm too busy.† His meager hair spread out on the cushion like a silver periphery about his head. His voice was a private murmur. â€Å"You need that Second Foundation, don't you?† Toran turned rapidly and hunched down on the bunk close to him. â€Å"What about the Second Foundation, Ebling?† The clinician liberated an arm from underneath the sheet and his worn out fingers gripped at Toran's sleeve. â€Å"The Foundations were set up at an incredible Psychological Convention directed by Hari Seldon. Toran, I have found the distributed minutes of that Convention. Twenty-five fat movies. I have just glanced through different summaries.† â€Å"Well?† â€Å"Well, do you realize that it is anything but difficult to track down from them the specific area of the First Foundation, in the event that you know anything at all about psychohistory. It is often alluded to, when you comprehend the conditions. Be that as it may, Toran, no one notices the Second Foundation, There has been no reference to it anywhere.† Toran's eyebrows maneuvered into a scowl. â€Å"It doesn't exist?† â€Å"Of course it exists,† cried Mis, indignantly, â€Å"who said it didn't? Be that as it may, there's less discuss it. Its noteworthiness †and about it †are better covered up, better clouded. Don't you see? It's the more significant of the two. It's the basic one; the one that matters! Also, I have the minutes of the Seldon Convention. The Mule hasn't won at this point â€Å" Unobtrusively, Bayta turned the lights down. â€Å"Go to sleep!† Without speaking, Toran and Bayta advanced up to their own quarters. The following day, Ebling Mis washed and dressed himself, saw the sun of Trantor and felt the breeze of Trantor once and for all. By the day's end he was by and by lowered in the tremendous openings of the library, and never developed from there on. In the week that followed, life settled again into its section. The sun of Neotrantor was a quiet, brilliant star in Trantor's night sky. The homestead was occupied with its spring planting. The University grounds were quiet in their renunciation. The Galaxy appeared to be vacant. The Mule may never have existed. Bayta was imagining that as she watched Toran light his stogie cautiously and gaze toward the areas of blue sky obvious between the amassing metal towers that enclosed the skyline. â€Å"It's a pleasant day,† he said. â€Å"Yes, it is. Make them everything referenced on the rundown, Torie?† â€Å"Sure. Half pound spread, dozen eggs, string beans †Got everything down here, Bay. I'll have it right.† â€Å"Good. Also, ensure the vegetables are of the last collect and not gallery relics. Did you see Magnifico anyplace, by the way?† â€Å"Not since breakfast. Speculation he's down with Ebling, watching a book-film.† â€Å"All right. Try not to burn through whenever, in light of the fact that I'll require the eggs for dinner.† Toran left with a regressive grin and a flood of the hand. Cove

Student Summer Jobs

Student Summer Jobs Student Summer Jobs Home›Tips for Students›Student Summer Jobs Tips for StudentsThis year’s summer job period has already begun, QualityCustomEssays.com announces, so it is high time for those students who want to earn some money this summer to start a job search. Despite the fact that this year is going to be tough for student job seekers, there are employers that depend on enthusiastic, affordable and energetic help teenagers provide. The most important thing is to be on time, persistent and prepared when searching a summer job.Start Your Job Search EarlyThe end of a school year may be too late to start your summer job search. Such seasonal employers like amusement parks and camps are already organizing job fairs and posting summer openings. Go to your school career center and guidance office, visit corresponding company sites and job posting sites (such as coolworks.com and others) to look for your summer job.  Rewarding PersistenceNowadays job seekers apply up to 20 places before finding a job, but it is not time to give up. Keep on applying. Remember that every application you fill out gives you better chances to find a job. Every interview is your experience and you will only benefit from it.  Be Prepared for a Job SearchOne more key to success is to be prepared. It is essential for a job seeker to have an appropriate cover letter and a resume. Moreover, it is rather important for a teenager to have the right credentials to prove the employer that the student is worth hiring over a more experienced worker. It reveals that the student treats the position seriously and is mature and responsible enough to cope with new responsibilities.QualityCustomEssays.com wishes you a prolific summer and is always ready to help you in your study process.

Nursing Vision for the Future - 1928 Words

Nursing, as a profession, continues to be a growing and changing entity. As nurses, we must consider that our future is going to be much different than our past. This presentation will review four major topics that are worth consideration, and hopefully provide food for thought about each nurse’s plans and goals for his or her own career in the future. We will discuss evidence-based practice, nursing theory, research, and nursing roles and opportunities. Each of these topics includes a myriad of ideas, publications, and opportunities for self assessment and growth. Evidence-based nursing, evidenced-based practice, and evidence-based medicine are all based on the idea that health care treatment has transitioned from â€Å"practice that was†¦show more content†¦According to this concept, Associate Degree nurses may have been educated through a nursing theory based model, or work in a facility that uses a particular theory, but do not spend a great deal of time considering theory in their practice. Bachelor of Science nurses are more involved in theory based curriculum and use theory to guide their own practice. Master’s Degree nurses use theory as the framework of their practice and use theory based questions to guide research projects they may be involved in. PhD nurses are conducting theory testing, developing new theory, and advancing the profession of nursing by creating academic programs based on theory. Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs), particularly those functioning as licensed independent practitioners, can benefit from the use of theory as they assess, plan, diagnose, intervene and evaluate the care they give to patients (Chitty 2010). Additionally, theory based care will allow easier explanation of decision making to other members of the health care team, and facilitate education of newer nurses. APNs in educational roles should use theory to develop curriculum and teach practice models. Theory based practice is also essential for APNs who wish to pursue research, as it helps to develop the groundwork for theory based research. Nurses have many roles in research that can be categorized into three major groups: 1. Health promotion, 2. Human experience, and 3. Health care and health systems. 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In order to achieve this goal, I have to advance my education, and Walden University has the capacity to provide me with information and skills required to achievingRead MoreImportance of Leadership Vision1118 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership vision [Name of the student] [Name of the institution] Executive Summary This assignment will focus on the leadership vision that how a leader should articulate his vision by adopting different ways. This assignment will provide you the importance of vision. It will also put the light on the roles of the nurses within the society. Table of Contents Executive Summary ii Leadership vision 1 Leader should articulate a vision 2 Importance of leadership vision in nursing 2 Conclusion

Strategic Leadership Of A Health Care Organization Essay

Strategic leadership in healthcare is the act of transforming a health care organization so that its daily functioning matches the organization’s vision, core values, the cultures it serves, as well as organization’s culture, organizational climate and structure. In implementing strategic leadership, managers and healthcare executives can gain a greater sense of clarity in the changes that need to be made so that the organization can reach its full potential. Healthcare leaders can also make stronger connections internally and externally, with incorporating strategic leadership, to help the organization grow and expand the organization’s reputation, while contribute to the organization’s well-being. 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Oedipus and Freud Free Essays

Freud. But on the other and in some sort of situations or moments, according to what Dry. Freud called the unconscious level, we are capable of free our most deep emotions and feelings leaving aside the reason, and acting in a very primitive way. We will write a custom essay sample on Oedipus and Freud or any similar topic only for you Order Now In both cases, these schemes are a predictable behavior or reaction that could be found and several times reproduced in different cultures with different structures. This is a never ending fight between reason and feelings. In order to clarify my point of view I will use some examples from the play Oedipus The King: A) The intelligence and sides of Oedipus I think, is the representation of our desire to control things according to our own schemes, we have to be In control of everything that we are capable of, we neglect our subconscious that In this case Is the prophecy and we Just try to avoid this kind of situations as possible with all of our will. But, what causes more anxiety is that we very deep know that we have to fight our subconscious desires because they can show at any moment. For example: Page 749: locate: Why should anyone in this world be afraid, since fate rules us (Subconscious) and nothing an be foreseen? A man should live only for the present day (The satisfaction of emotions and feelings (subconscious more than reason Conscious because we are not responsible for what we decided, it is our fate) have no more fear of sleeping with your mother: how many men, in dreams, have lain with their mothers! No reasonable man is troubled by such things. Oedipus: That is true; only if my mother were not still alive! But she Is alive. I can not help my dread. (From a conscious perspective, be aware of our deepest Instincts and fight against them). B) lactate’s Insistence of not Interviewing the shepherd: locate: For God’s love, let us have no more questioning! Is your life nothing to you? My own is pain enough for me to bear. Oedipus: You need not worry, Suppose my mother a slave, and born of slaves: no baseness can touch you. locate: Listen to me, I beg you: do not do this thing! Oedipus: I will not listen; the truth must be made known. locate: Everything that I say is for your own good! , Oedipus: My own good snaps my patience, then; I want none of it. locate: You are fatally wrong! May you never learn who you are! In this lines I can understand the sire of locate to not let the reason to guide our will, instead of this a less conflictive solution will be found to keep things in the way they are, and you can read the warning that locate does to Oedipus cursing him to never know who he Is. This is again the fight between desire and consent, we from an unconscious level can desire a vast amount of feelings, but our reason and schemes help us to consent only what It Is appropriate. As Dry. Freud says: â€Å"he Is at the same time compelling us to recognize our own inner minds, in which those same impulses, though suppressed, re still to De Taunt. † c) I en sexual Impulse Tanat Dry. Freud retire In t : â€Å"l Is ten Tate AT all of us, perhaps, to direct our first sexual impulse towards our mother and our first hatred and our first murderous wish against our father†. I truly believe that Dry. Freud not only refers to a sexual impulse but to a large group of emotions that are represented by the mother and father, from our most basic needs like food, protection, to the most complex ones like sexual behavior with a desire or attraction and the desire of independence and power. How to cite Oedipus and Freud, Papers

Income - Poverty - and Health Insurance Coverage

Question: Discuss about the Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage. Answer: Introduction Even to the highly industrialized and economic powerhouses like America and Australia, healthcare provision and delivery has become a challenge. The two countries have used several strategies in attempting to curb the ever increasing cost of this essential service. To shift medical enrollees to health managed forums, the United States enacted the balanced budget act in 1997. In this legislation, there would be a gatekeeper physician who would reduce costs by eliminating unnecessary admissions and examinations. The enrollees realize a reduced out of pocket expenditure on medication (Luxford, Safran and Delbanco, 2011). On the other hand, Australia had for a long time provided a medical system to her citizens through the universal healthcare; they, however, changed when this costs could not be sustained. They then adopted the private healthcare system. The Australian philosophy is anchored on the fact that health services should be availed to all citizens regardless of the costs (Tilbu rt et al., 2013). Contrastingly, the threat of United States emphasizes on the fact that Citizens can access the service without having to entirely dependent on the government. However, the healthcare cost in the United States is continuously on the rise and consuming a generous chunk of the GDP. Given the recent escalation of cost in the health services, it has become a big business (Neumann et al.,, 2008). The government has the burden of having to fund approximately 65% of the country's healthcare budget. With the adoption of the Affordable Healthcare Act, this figure is expected to rise further as it approaches 2024 where it is projected to hit the 68% mark. As at 2013, the government spent $5,960 per capita on healthcare costs. This was the highest recorded globally (Raleigh et al., 2008). It even beat countries with the universal healthcare systems like United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and Sweden. The perception that American health care system is predominantly private conflicts with the finding of how much the government spends on the healthcare system. This implied that they also paid the highest health-related taxes (Chassin, 2013). Sustaining healthcare programs like Medicaid and Medicare accounted for almost50% of the total government spending on health. Other overlooked funding expenditures include the outlay of the government for private health insurance coverage for the public employees. This amounted to 6.4% of the total spending, $188 billion. Another hidden expense is the subsidies the government provides to healthcare. This amounts to $294.9 billion, or 10% of the total spending on healthcare. The high costs are related to the expensive technological advancements that the health sector has adopted (Ahern et al., 2011). The expenditure has continuously increased at a rate greater than the economy has grown. In the 1960s, the healthcare spending was reasonably small and ranged from about 6% of the GDP (DeNavas-Walt, 2010). This high expenditure of GDP on healthcare has to be reduced if the country has to realize more growth. The government is consequently, contemplating on ways it could provide universal health care to reduce these costs. The high healthcare expenditure means a decrease in the national budget since funding for other programs have to be reduced (Weisfeld, 2011). At individual levels, more spending on healthcare means reduced expense on other things. For the employed, it means the employer is paying less as a result of the deductions. Moreover, most people cannot afford healthcare but still have to receive the service. Whichever way, this service must be paid for. This means that other people have to pay more to cover this. The 48million citizens in the United States do not have healthcare insurance, yet they have to be covered (Zimlichman et al., 2013). Different government levels including state and local fund the country's healthcare system. Private health arrangements for health insurance also support the same. Like in the United States, Medicare is funded and issued by the Australian government. This insurance scheme consists of three components. This includes medical services (incorporates fees to visit general and medical practitioners). Secondly, it includes patient pharmaceuticals prescription. The government funds a broad range of health services as the health facilities for the community, medical research, and health services for Straight Islander. Mental health services are also included together with other health related infrastructural development. The territorial governments are also responsible for delivering and managing public health services. Most healthcare practitioners and doctors are employed in private practice, and the government salaries fewer (Stiggelbout et al, 2012). In the 2011/2012 budget, the Australian government spent a total of $140.2 billion which reflected 9.5% of its budget. Compared to 1001/2002, this figure has increased by a factor of 1.7. Similar to the United States the healthcare is fast growing than the population and economic growth. Such growth of healthcare needs can be attributed to social factors like the continuously aging population, the increased incidences of disease and risk factors. Other factors such as increased personal income, economic trends together with technological advancements all play an integral role in the determination of income spent on health care services. This is a reflection of the intertwinement between the healthcare sector and the society. The country's philosophy is also built on the fact that a healthy nation is critical to personal and national prosperity and well-being (Neumann et al., 2008). Medicare gives an opportunity for the citizens to access subsidized medical services and free treatment to her citizens. It was introduced in 1984. Its primary objectives are to make healthcare services affordable and accessible to Australians. Furthermore, it seeks to provide a high quality of health care services. In its benefit schedule entails covering bills and expenses related to fees for the practitioners in the form of rebates. The benefits of Medicare are based on fee schedules set by the government with the consultation of medical professions. In other cases when the health insurance covers the medical expenses, for the case of private health services, Medicare caters for 75% of the required fee. When the services are to be provided out of the hospital, Medicare provides 100% of the benefits especially for the schedule for non-referred patients. This cover includes the fees for the nurses' items (Parekh and Barton, 2010). Medicare and prescription pharmaceuticals Under the medicines benefits scheme, Medicare also provides subsidies to prescription pharmaceuticals. This scheme allows the citizens only to pay for a portion of the drugs they buy in pharmacies. The scheme then covers the rest of the bill. The patients pay a varying amount of payments up to the maximum of $36.10 by general patients. Those with concession cards pay up to $5.90. The drugs that are not listed by the scheme have to be fully paid for by the customer. Furthermore, the state covers the costs of medicines that are to be provided in public hospitals (N.C.H.S, United States, 2013). There is also another scheme for repatriation that includes the pharmaceuticals provided to war veterans, their widows, and other dependants. Other programs are also available that targets the disadvantaged in the community. People living in the rural and remote regions may be included. There is also a package of $805 million provided for chronic disease by the government and targets at reducing and preventing the occurrence of chronic illnesses among the Australian population (N.C.H.S, United States, 2013). Limited healthcare access in the rural areas The implementation of health programs should be effective in meeting their goals with the efficient resource use. The target beneficiaries should also receive these services in an equitable manner. Achieving all the principles at one go may be tricky. Equity, however, is integral for sustainability of programs (Gulliford and Morgan, 2013). Healthcare access is varied across the several populations of United States. There is a disparity in health care service provision. The difference majorly occurs due to different reasons. The rural areas in the country specifically have limited access to healthcare. They cannot access, dental care, behavioral health, and emergency services. Accessing these services is important for the general rural population regarding the general physical and mental health. Disease prevention is also critical to the rural people. Improving access to health services would also mean early detection and treatment of illnesses. For example, the earlier cancer is diag nosed, the better regarding cure possibility. All these will be under the umbrella of increasing life expectancy (Gulliford and Morgan, 2013). Residents of rural areas are often limited to getting access to the healthcare they may need. This implies that improving health services would mean adequate healthcare services availed promptly. Most people in the rural areas lack insurance for health covers. About 23% of nonelderly residents of the rural America were not insured. Their counterparts in the urban areas recorded a slightly lower figure of 21%. In the case of affordable healthcare access, more citizens in the countryside were hence eligible compared to those in the urban areas. Most rural residents works in the low-paying sectors hence are not able to afford the health insurance. This limits their access to these services. Moreover, there are also very few health providers who make their services affordable and still make it to the rural areas (Barker, Gout and Crowe, 2011). In particular, the services that would not be accessed by these people would include; Obstetric services; since the 1980s, there have been a continuously reduced obstetric services in the rural areas. This was attributed to the reduced number of hospitals and specifically those providing obstetric services. In fact, less than half of rural women live in areas less than a 30-minute drive from the nearest point of accessing prenatal services. Mental health services; scarcity of specialists in the rural areas offering mental health services makes it difficult for this service to be accessed by the rural residents. As a result, this service is increasingly being provided by the telehealth. This means the citizens to provide these services in schools. This was found to be effective and efficient. Dental health services; since the oral health affects the ability of an individual to perform in other activities, dental services are critical for them. Most insurances coverage does not entail dental health; hence the proportion rural residents who can receive dental services are limited. These regions also lack qualified dental professionals (Luxford, Safran and Delbanco, 2011). Workforce shortage; in most cases, lack of health professionals can prevent the supply of services. In 2014, 60% of areas marked for low health professional numbers were the countryside. These challenges could be addressed through partnering with other healthcare units. Recruitment and retention of these service providers could serve to reduce these shortages. The pay and allowances for those professionals working in these areas could encourage them to work in such environments (Fitzpatrick et al., 2004). The status of health insurance; the individuals without health insurance cannot access medical service unless at a higher cost typically not affordable by the rural community. Most of the rural communities cannot afford such covers compared to their urban counterparts. Such individuals are forced to forego medical services due to it not being affordable. The proportions of low-income earners in the rural areas are also lower than those in the urban areas. 7% of rural residents live in areas, not in access to Medicaid. This further limits the affordability of healthcare insurance scope (Barker, Gout and Crowe, 2011). Transportation and distance; to access health care services, those living in rural areas might be compelled to travel longer distances especially the care that would need special professions. This is because these specialists are often far away. The special facilities are also located not within their productive. This might compel them to have to travel longer distances thereby wasting time and money. Emergency services might also not be addressed in time. Another key challenge is transportation. The rural areas lack public transit that would carry patients to hospitals. The chronic conditions by the older adults in the rural may call for frequent and multiple visits (Chassin, 2013). Privacy concern and social stigma; there is little anonymity in the countryside; social factors may hinder access to healthcare. The residence may show reluctance to seeking services related to sexual health, mental health or pregnancy issues due to privacy. These concerns may stem from their personal relationships with the healthcare providers. Poor Health Literacy; this affects the ability of a patient to comprehend health-related information from the providers. In the rural areas, there are lower education levels and higher levels of poverty. This has a positive correlation with health illiteracy (Laditka and Probst, 2009). Comparison of the United States and Australian health care system In cases of emergency, it may not be fair to ask a patient to pay $7 for admission. The patient should be entitled to a free medical care in case they need it. Currently, Australian patients pay nothing to see their health providers. It is argued that the treatment cost is made higher out of control for the Australian government and patients have to be charged something to reduce this burden on the government and keep the healthcare sustainable. Compared to the United States which sought to reduce the admission and examination costs for minor conditions, the Australian emergency rooms in hospitals are filled with patients with minor complications such fees have been argued to be unfair on moral grounds (Squires , 2012).The argument is that Australians should continue the enjoyment of not having to worry about payment when they are in need of emergency services (Armstrong et al., 2007). The United States can have some lessons to learn from this different model in Australia. Both systems have undergone tremendous changes since time immemorial. The higher costs have been the primary reasons for changes in the sector. Changes have occurred in several dimensions including legislative and funding. In Australia, the national system changed to the private system then reverted to the national system. Today, Australia is based on the universal healthcare system which is known as Medicare. This system was returned in 1984. To alleviate the chances of catastrophic losses, the government maintains that those receiving a certain threshold of income maintain health insurance (Armstrong et al., 2007). As opposed to the United States which adopts the system of market justice, the Australian system is anchored on social justice. The Australian system is based on the fact that every citizen should have access to basic health care. It even attempts to find ways of incorporating the Australians of aboriginal origin. The ministry of health and aging holds the docket for health service delivery. The department holds a central point of distribution of services. As opposed to the United States which spends a bigger chunk of its GDP on healthcare provision, Australia spends a reasonably manageable amount of 9.1%. Since then the country has the universal system, the government is targeting to implement legislations as a means of managing the ever increasing costs. The American health sector is technologically advanced compared to those in most parts of the world (Ahern et al., 2011). In fact, other countries rely on the United States for the development of healthcare technology. In Australia, citizens pay to see a general practitioner. 50% of this amount can be claimed from the medical insurance. Ambulances are however not considered in the Medicare scheme. Problem facing health care in the United States United State has substantially been losing its citizens either by errors, accidents or terrible infections. Many of those people who are looking after the patients either by paying their bills in hospitals or paying for their care lose hope. Many births in the United States lack a particular medical schedule hence many women deliver unsafely thereby bring out major problems to the state (Parekh and Barton, 2010). There is the great shortage of doctors. There are no enough physicians in the states hence the number is estimated to be low by tens of thousands of doctors. This will be a great challenge to the United States because the government does not employ other doctors while the current ones are getting aged and the care demand also increases. To avoid this, the policy makers should know how they could conquer this problem. The state will need more than 61700 doctors by 2025 because of the shortage of specialists (Feczko, 2008). However, the nation should start to train more doctors for the patients to receive special needs they require. The main issue is that in the country there are many aged people and they need special care, this means that the state needs primary care physicians (Petterson et al., 2012). Avoidable harms are striking patients; this is one of the most common problems that face the Health Care in United state. An example is a Medicare patient who is admitted to an individual hospital suffers from certain harm during his or her stay. An example of the damage is like someone having a heart attack; would that person just enter to his or her car and drive? The early deliverance of babies is of great effect to the newborns and their mothers. Those babies who are born between 37-39 weeks are at high risk of dying. They are also easily attacked by certain harms like respiratory problems hence end up being admitted to NICU (Levay and Waks, 2009). Lack of transparency; the medical society and the national health organization had declared strict warnings to those women who will be found delivering babies before the appropriate time (Levay and Waks, 2009). Despite these warnings, the percentage of the early deliverance has greatly increased a report from a non-governmental organization called The Leapfrog Group. This voluntary survey was done with 800 hospitals that provided this data willingly. One of the biggest hospitals in the United States has tried to practice this transparency. They offered to provide physicians who treated the patients in a right way, and the patients were well satisfied (Sinaiko and Rosenthal, 2011). In conclusion, to reduce these problems, the number of training institutions of doctors should be increased by building more slots. The sector should also employ more professionals who can appropriately fill the gap. The government should ensure that he quality of the health care increases. The policymakers, the advocate and the department of human and health services should come in and declare the early deliverance as the top emerging issue. These should also be proposed by regional coalitions and end the practice. Innovations and creativity are needed mostly to better the use of technology (Chassin, 2013).Teamwork should also be considered hence the nurses, dentist and other medical professionals should hold their hands together as medical schools and teaching hospitals are built. In general, the state should be able to detect the risks its patients can undergo. In addition to this, the state should also help to increase the patient safety; this reduces the risk. The hospitals in t he states have successfully expanded the program of the transparency beyond the clinics to the specialists (Shi and Singh, 2014). Reference Ahern, D. K., Woods, S. S., Lightowler, M. C., Finley, S. W., Houston, T. K. (2011). The promise of and the potential for patient-facing technologies to enable meaningful use.American journal of preventive medicine,40(5), S162-S172. Armstrong, B. K., Gillespie, J. A., Leeder, S. R., Rubin, G. L., Russell, L. M. (2007). Challenges in health and health care for Australia.Medical Journal of Australia,187(9), 485. Barker, L. A., Gout, B. S., Crowe, T. C. (2011). Hospital malnutrition: prevalence, identification and impact on patients and the healthcare system.International journal of environmental research and public health,8(2), 514-527. Chassin, M. R. (2013). Improving the quality of health care: whats taking so long?.Health Affairs,32(10), 1761-1765. DeNavas-Walt, C. (2010).Income, poverty, and health insurance coverage in the United States (2005). DIANE Publishing. Feczko, J. M. (2008). Dear CME/CE Provider, Pfizer today announced changes in the way we support continuing medical education/continuing education (CME/CE) for US healthcare professionals. First, effective immediately, Pfizer is eliminating all direct funding for CME/CE programs by commercial providers including medical education and communication companies (MECCs). Fitzpatrick, A. L., Powe, N. R., Cooper, L. S., Ives, D. G., Robbins, J. A. (2004). Barriers to health care access among the elderly and who perceives them.American Journal of Public Health,94(10), 1788-1794. Gulliford, M., Morgan, M. (Eds.). (2013).Access to health care. Routledge. Laditka, J. N., Laditka, S. B., Probst, J. C. (2009). Health care access in rural areas: evidence that hospitalization for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions in the United States may increase with the level of rurality.Health place,15(3), 761-770. Levay, C., Waks, C. (2009). Professions and the pursuit of transparency in healthcare: two cases of soft autonomy.Organization studies,30(5), 509-527. Luxford, K., Safran, D. G., Delbanco, T. (2011). Promoting patient-centered care: a qualitative study of facilitators and barriers in healthcare organizations with a reputation for improving the patient experience.International Journal for Quality in Health Care, mzr024. National Center for Health Statistics (US. (2013). Health, United States, 2012: With special feature on emergency care. National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control, Preventi (Eds.). (2015).Health, United States, 2013, with special feature on prescription drugs. Government Printing Office. Neumann, P. J., Palmer, J. A., Daniels, N., Quigley, K., Gold, M. R., Chao, S. (2008). A strategic plan for integrating cost-effectiveness analysis into the US healthcare system.The American journal of managed care,14(4), 185-188. Parekh, A. K., Barton, M. B. (2010). The challenge of multiple comorbidity for the US health care system.Jama,303(13), 1303-1304. Petterson, S. M., Liaw, W. R., Phillips, R. L., Rabin, D. L., Meyers, D. S., Bazemore, A. W. (2012). Projecting US primary care physician workforce needs: 2010-2025.The Annals of Family Medicine,10(6), 503-509.+ Raleigh, V. S., Cooper, J., Bremner, S. A., Scobie, S. (2008). Patient safety indicators for England from hospital administrative data: case-control analysis and comparison with US data.Bmj,337, a1702. Shi, L., Singh, D. A. (2014).Delivering health care in America. Jones Bartlett Learning. Sinaiko, A. D., Rosenthal, M. B. (2011). Increased price transparency in health carechallenges and potential effects.New England Journal of Medicine,364(10), 891-894. Squires, D. A. (2012). Explaining high health care spending in the United States: an international comparison of supply, utilization, prices, and quality.Issue brief (Commonwealth Fund),10, 1-14. Stiggelbout, A. M., Van der Weijden, T., De Wit, M. P., Frosch, D., Lgar, F., Montori, V. M., ... Elwyn, G. (2012). Shared decision making: really putting patients at the centre of healthcare.Bmj,344(S 28). Tilburt, J. C., Wynia, M. K., Sheeler, R. D., Thorsteinsdottir, B., James, K. M., Egginton, J. S., ... Goold, S. D. (2013). Views of US physicians about controlling health care costs.Jama,310(4), 380-389. Weisfeld, V. D. (2011).Jonas and Kovner's health care delivery in the United States. A. R. Kovner, J. R. Knickman (Eds.). Springer Publishing Company. Zimlichman, E., Henderson, D., Tamir, O., Franz, C., Song, P., Yamin, C. K., ... Bates, D. W. (2013). Health careassociated infections: a meta-analysis of costs and financial impact on the US health care system.JAMA internal medicine,173(22), 2039-2046.

Jonathan Swift Essays - Gullivers Travels, Lilliput And Blefuscu

Jonathan Swift Satire on a Nation Jonathan Swift's, Gulliver's Travels satirically relates bodily functions and physical attributes to social issues during England's powerful rule of Europe. Through out the story we find many relations between bodily features and British and European society. Swift uses this tone of mockery to explain to his reader the importance of many different topics during this time of European rule. Swift feels that the body and their functions relate to political as well as the ration of a society. Swift's fascination with the body comes from its unproblematic undertone which gives his audience recognizable parallelism to many issues such as political change and scientific innovation. Gulliver's first adventure takes place in Lilliput. Gulliver swims to a foreign shore after his boat and rowboat capsize due to a fierce storm. Washed upon the shore, Gulliver finds himself tied to the grass surrounded by little bodied people called the Lilliputians. The Lilliputians stood no more than six inches high. During this time Swift recognized that England was also a kind of six inch being that had great influence in Europe. Swift wrote Gulliver's Travel's during a time when Europe was the worlds most dominant and influential force. England, despite its small size, had the potential to defeat any nation that might try to conquer them. Swift relates this phenomenon to the small stature of the Lilliputians. They stood a mere six inches high but had the power to siege the mammoth Gulliver. The capability of a nation consisting of miniature people, who are able to capture someone ten-times their size can be seen as reinforcing the capability of a small nation, such as England, becoming and remaining a great power. Even though this is true, Swift entices a condescending tone to Gulliver's portrayal of the small Lilliputians, who easily fit into the hands of Gulliver, yet still manage to threaten his life. Even though the Lilliputians are piteously small in Gulliver's eyes, they do not see themselves the same way. To themselves, the Lilliputians feel they are normal and Gulliver remains the outlandish giant. The unexpected infringement of giant Gulliver into the Lilliputians well-developed society reminds the European society, that size and strength are always relative, and there is no way for Europe to be certain that a Gulliver-like giant, might not arrive and conquer them at any moment. This encounter, between Gulliver and the Lilliputians would put Europe's confidence in its power in jeopardy. Swift made sure that this message got across to humble the society of England. In chapter three we see the advance of Gulliver in the Lilliputians society. During the process of integrating Gulliver finds that their culture is based around trivial issues. These trivial issues can be looked at as subsequent to their small stature. Gulliver finds that their government officials are chosen by rope dancing. To Gulliver and the reader these practices are ridiculous and arbitrary, but to the Lilliputians who do not need extravagant things because of their size, see these practices as normal. Swift uses this scene to satire the British government at this time. The British government also elected their ministers in a trivial manner. In order to receive freedom from the Lilliputians, Gulliver must help them in battle. Gulliver 's agreement to the terms provided in his contract to stay on the island for his freedom came not from exceeding force from the Lilliputians, for Gulliver could crush their entire city with his colossus body size and weight compared to the Lilliputians. The Lilliputians were so secure in their laws and rules, where they felt their laws could even rule this great bodily giant with them. Noticeably the audience sees that Gulliver can easily crush the tiny Lilliputians, but he decides out of the kindness of his heart not to forcefully become free. Once this great body inquires his freedom, there will be no way for these small humans to thrust their laws upon him. Trying to control outside forces were also flaws that Europe processed at this time. We again see how Gulliver feels that land is control by people and not land controlling itself. When the audience sees that Europe remains controlled by human bodily egos, this makes his satire even more convincing and critical. In the next chapters, the Lilliputians let Gulliver receive his freedom, at the same time they realize what kind of political power they can gain from the body size of Gulliver. Gulliver goes into battle with the Lilliputians and destroys most of the Blefescan naval fleets, but not all of them. Gulliver

How to Start a Story My Simple Guide as a Bestselling Novelist

How to Start a Story My Simple Guide as a Bestselling Novelist How to Start a Story: Writing a Great Opening Line for Your Novel or Nonfiction Book Some say editors and agents can decide against your manuscript within the first three pages. Harsh as that sounds, the truth is worse They can actually pass judgment within the first few paragraphs. If they arent hooked immediately, they move on. That doesn’t sound fair, but we writers must face reality. Except for loved ones and close friends, readers aren’t much more merciful. So even if you’re self-publishing and avoiding the harsh glare of professional eyes, rivet your readers from the get-go or most will close your book without a second thought. There’s no formula for the perfect opener, but great writers have been creating them for centuries. The key, as with every other writing question, is to think reader-first and do what you believe will work best. Novelist Les Edgerton began a short story this way: He was so mean that wherever he was standing became the bad part of town. I’d keep reading, wouldn’t you? You’ll find some favorites below in four categories. Play off these and see what you can come up with for your work in progress. Need help writing your novel?Click here to download my ultimate 12-step guide. How to Start a Story: 4 Types of Opening Lines 1. Surprise Fiction Many years later, as he faced the firing squad, Colonel Aureliano Buendà ­a was to remember that distant afternoon when his father took him to discover ice. - Gabriel Garcia Marquez,One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967) It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. - George Orwell, Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) It was a wrong number that started it, the telephone ringing three times in the dead of night, and the voice on the other end asking for someone he was not. - Paul Auster, City of Glass (1985) It was the day my grandmother exploded. - Iain M. Banks, The Crow Road (1992) High, high above the North Pole, on the first day of 1969, two professors of English Literature approached each other at a combined velocity of 1200 miles per hour. - David Lodge, Changing Places (1975) Nonfiction By the time Eustace Conway was seven years old, he could throw a knife accurately enough to nail a chipmunk to a tree. - Elizabeth Gilbert, The Last American Man (2002) Every year I bury a couple hundred of my townspeople. - Thomas Lynch, Undertaking: Life Studies From the Dismal Trade (1997) In the fall of 1993, a man who would upend much of what we know about habits walked into a laboratory in San Diego for a scheduled appointment. - Charles Duhigg, The Power of Habit (2012) 2. Dramatic Statement Fiction Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins. - Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita (1955) I am an invisible man. - Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man (1952) He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. - Ernest Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea (1952) Someone must have slandered Josef K., for one morning, without having done anything trulywrong, he was arrested. - Franz Kafka, The Trial (1925) They shoot the white girl first. - Toni Morrison, Paradise (1998) You better not never tell nobody but God. - Alice Walker, The Color Purple (1982) Nonfiction My sharpest memory is of a single instant surrounded by dark. - Mary Karr, The Liars Club (1995) What are you looking at me for? Im not here to stay†¦ - Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1969) I was five years old the first time I ever set foot in prison. - Jimmy Santiago Baca, A Place to Stand (2001) Beware thoughts that come in the night. - William Least Heat Moon, Blue Highways (1982) My high school friends have begun to suspect I haven’t told them the full story of my life. - Ishmael Beah, A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Boy Soldier (2007) 3. Philosophical Fiction Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. - Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina (1877) This is the saddest story I have ever heard. - Ford Madox Ford, The Good Soldier (1915) Nonfiction It’s not about you. - Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life (2002) No comet blazed when I was born. - Denis Healey, The Time of My Life (1989) 4. Poetic Fiction When I finally caught up with Abraham Trahearne, he was drinking beer with an alcoholic bulldog named Fireball Roberts in a ramshackle joint just outside of Sonoma, California, drinking the heart right out of a fine spring afternoon. - James Crumley, The Last Good Kiss (1978) It was just noon that Sunday morning when the sheriff reached the jail with Lucas Beauchamp though the whole town (the whole county too for that matter) had known since the night before that Lucas had killed a white man. - William Faulkner, Intruder in the Dust (1948) Nonfiction The village of Holcomb stands on the high wheat plains of western Kansas, a lonesome area that other Kansans call â€Å"out there.† - Truman Capote, In Cold Blood (1967) When people ask- and seems like people always be askin to where I can’t never get away from it- I say, Yeah, that’s right, my mother name was Henrietta Lacks, she died in 1951, John Hopkins took her cells and them cells are still livin today, still multiplyin, still growin and spreadin if you don’t keep em frozen. - Rebecca Skloot, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks (2010) Need help writing your novel?Click here to download my ultimate 12-step guide. Writing A Great Opening Line Is Only the Beginning Then it’s your job to keep the reader with you. So study storytelling, work at creating compelling characters, and become a ferocious self-editor. You just might produce a manuscript that keeps an editor or agent reading all the way through. What are some of your favorite opening lines? Tell me in the comments.

Tower of Pisa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tower of Pisa - Essay Example As suggested by Puzrin, Alonso and Pinyol (2010), experts have not been agreeing on the problem leading to the failure of the project. Some argue that it is static while others argue that it was the ground sinking or the effects of the design used by the particular architect. The main cause of the leaning is attributed to the reaction of composite clay, sand, and shells on which the tower is built on. The tower was prone to two major risks one being a failure in the structure of the fragile masonry and toppling as a result of the breaking up the of the foundation’s subsoil. One of the solutions put in place to counter this problem was the installation of a counterweight on the northern side of the base of the tower so as to stop the tilting. This solution did not succeed and therefore another solution was initiated in 1995. This involved inserting compressed steel cables and the same compressing was done to the subsoil. This instead increased the leaning of the tower. After th e period of structural restoration, the tower is now undergoing surface restoration so as to repair visual damage especially corrosion and darkening. In 1964 the Italian government requested for assistance in saving the tower from collapsing, however it was considered to leave the tilt as it was vital for promoting tourism in the city of Pisa, as suggested by D’Alfonso (2005) Owing to the failure of the solutions used for restoring the tilting of the tower, the Italian commission embarked on a subsoil study program in 1965.

Obesity in Older Nurses Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Obesity in Older Nurses - Assignment Example The next part discussed an implementation plan that may help to reduce and prevent the problem. The plan will be implemented after the acquisition of permission from relevant sources. This plan aims at educating nurses about the foods that they should eat and the exercises that they should undertake to reduce excess weight in their bodies. This plan will be implemented by exercise and diet tutors using resources such as computers, handouts, questionnaires, and finances that will be used to purchase these requirements. The next section was the evaluation plan that aimed at discussing how to appraise the implemented plan to check if it achieves its goals. This plan indicated that it would use interviews, attendance, lists, measurement of weights, and questionnaires as the main techniques of appraising the results of the implemented scheme. The last section of this paper discussed the methods that would be used to disseminate evidence to the organization’s administrators, nurses, and the community. The techniques discussed include reports, workshops, websites, conferences, emails, and press releases. In conclusion, this research aimed at finding out the prevalence of obesity among older nurses and the methods that may be used to prevent and reduce this disorder in the nursing community. The analyzed sources of literature indicate that obesity is a common disease among the nurses of the United States. Since the nurses are mainly involved in giving other patient’s healthcare, it means that the continued prevalence of obesity among them may lead to the deterioration of the overall health of the country. Therefore, it is essential to address this problem before it leads to a destructible catastrophe of lack of health care givers in a giant economy. The main methods of addressing this problem are motivating nurses to eat healthy foods and undertake

Examining Islam In Malaysia Religion Essay

Examining Islam In Malaysia Religion Essay Malaysia is modern Muslim country where more than half of its 26 million people have embrace Islam as their religion. Halal is an Islamic religious guide to how Muslims should live their lives from the way their food is prepared to how their personal and social relationships are conducted. In Malaysia Halal is a concept accepted by all, by both Muslims and non- Muslims. The majority of businesses in Malaysia sells products or offer services that are Halal endorsed. The Malaysia Halal Certification is globally respected. In our ever progressive world, it has become increasingly challenging for Muslims to determine whether the food or drinks they consume are religiously acceptable or Halal. This Halal and non-Halal problem is not only limited to food and beverage but also to other products and services. For Muslims living in a totally Islamic country like Saudi Arabia, the Halal question is not an issue at all. For those living in a multiracial Muslim country like Malaysia, although Halal food or services are readily available and easy to obtain, there is a need for the authority to monitor and enforce standards to ensure Halalness particularly when the products or services are made, sold, prepared or provided by non-Muslims. However, the real challenge is for Muslims living in a country whose population is predominantly non-Muslims. Extra diligence is needed for these Muslims to enjoy everything Halal. Most striking is that there are approximately 1.9 billion Muslims in the world who are consumers of Halal foods. As such the Halal food market is the largest food market in the world. Among the Halal importing countries are those which have one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, have the fastest growing middle classes in the world, import a significant proportion of their food needs and have the highest rates of population growth in the world. Malaysia will be developed International Halal Food Hub for monitoring and standardization the Halal food product. The Halal certification will be gives if the food ingredients are Halal. This certification of Malaysia Halal standard are also will be strengthened and aggressively promoted internationally. HALAL BEEF PRODUCT Halal products are fast gaining worldwide recognition as a new benchmark for safety and quality assurance. Products that are produced with Halal certification are readily acceptable by Muslim consumers as well as consumers from other religions. This acceptance is due to the wholesomeness concept of Halal, which covers not only the Shariah requirement, but also the hygiene, sanitation and safety aspects. Halal certification is a powerful marketing tool for both the Muslim and non-Muslim producers, as there are an increasing awareness on the part of Muslim consumers all over the world on their obligation to consume Halal food. The Arabic word(Halal) means lawful or permitted. In the Holy Quran, Allah commands Muslims and all of mankind to eat of the Halal things. Basically, Allah Al Mighty knows what is best for us to eat. And normally all the Halal food are very clean and safe from any disease. But for non-Halal food, you always can find some interesting facts relating to sickness. This following products are definitely Halal such as milk (from cows, sheep, camels, and goats), honey, fish, plants which are not intoxicant, fresh or dried fruits, legumes nuts like peanut, cashew nuts, hazel nuts, walnut, grain such as wheat, rice, rye, barley, and oat. Basically, all food is Halal except meat from swine such as pork, ham, pork-based products and by-products such as sausages and gelatin. Animals improperly slaughtered or already dead before slaughtering is due to take place. Animals killed in the name of anyone other than Allah (for example, by anyone other than a Jew, Christian or Muslim, or as part of a pagan sacrifice), intoxicants, blood and blood by-products, foods contaminated with any of the above products. Most of the desserts use non-Halal Gelatin that comes from pigs. Focus about the beef, they are only Halal if they are slaughtered according to Islamic Law. The procedures that we must do at the beef are the animal must be slaughtered by a Muslim. The animal also should be put down on the ground or held it if it is small. The throat of the animal must be sliced with a very sharp knife to make sure that the 3 main blood vessels are cut. While cutting the throat of the animal (without severing it), the person must pronounce the name of Allah or recite a blessing which contains the name of Allah, such as Bismillahirahmannirrahim, Allah-u-Akbar. Islam prohibits the meat of animals that are slaughtered without reciting the name of Allah and those that are slaughtered whilst pronouncing a name other than Allah. Mentioning the name of Allah during slaughter is actually a way of seeking permission from God for taking the life of the animal for the sole purpose of sustenance. The prohibition to recite a name other than Allah during slaughter acts as a safe guard to a Muslims faith. Islam is a religion which promotes monotheism and rejects any form of polytheism. Mentioning a name other than Allah is regarded as a polytheistic act, thus such act is not permissible during slaughter. For more information, they lead the cow into an area, line its head up with where the piston comes out, and BAM! The cow is unconscious, hung by its ankles, and sent to where the slaughter takes place. Regarding poultry, a common practice is to render them unconscious by electrocuting them before slaughter. Slaughtering is to be done from the front of the neck, between the throat and the head of the breast bone (Libba). The throat/oesophagus (Mirree), windpipe/trachea (Halkoom) and the two jugular veins (Wadijan) are cut in the neck without severing the spinal cord. This cut severed the arteries to the brain of the animal, thus depriving the brain of blood supply. As a result, the brain loses consciousness due to insufficient oxygen. This renders the animal unconscious, causing the animal the least amount of pain.   By contrast, the Islamic method of slaughtering does not allow for animals to be killed in front of other animals. It requires an extremely sharp blade and the swift incision of the major veins in the neck to facilitate in a painless, quick blood loss and death. Before the slaughter takes place, the animal is examined for overall health. If the animal is deemed unhealthy, it cannot be slaughtered for food. The animal is slaughtered in such a way that most of the blood exits the body. The goal is to slaughter the animal, limiting the amount of pain the animal will endure. DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT MALAYSIA (JAKIM) HISTORY In 1968, the Conference of Rulers Pakistan has decided that the need for a body to mobilize efforts for development and advancement of the Muslims in Malaysia, in line with Malaysias status as an Islamic country that has strong international and world attention. Recognizing this, a secretariat to the National Council of Religious Affairs was established, to maintain the purity of faith and the teachings of Islam. Secretariat was subsequently developed as the Religious Department of the Prime Minister who was later promoted again to the Islamic Affairs Department (BAHEIS). On January 1, 1997, in line with the development and progress of Islam in the country has stabilized, the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM) is established by the Malaysian government took power and the role (BAHEIS). FUNCTION OF JAKIM Formulation and standardization of Islamic law Formulate, review and amend laws for the standardization of Islamic states. Streamline and standardize the Islamic law throughout Pakistan. Act enacts Islamic law and the federal territories. Enforcement of Islamic law states Coordinating the implementation and compliance ruling. Coordination in the administration of Islam Streamline the administration of Islamic affairs and the states. Build a strong Islamic thought among Muslims based on the holding of the Sunnah Wal Jamaah. Produce cadres Islamic preachers and scholars through training in training institutions of Islam. Establishing benchmarks and practices of Islam through the formulation of service standards Hadhari Referral centers and advisory services relating to Islam government and private agencies. Increasing collaboration with the missionary network non-governmental bodies at national and international Strengthening survival of Muslims in Sabah and Sarawak in educational, missionary and social-economic Strengthening unity among Muslims to the Ummah. To empower the non-Muslim, indigenous peoples and minority groups. Expand the program and plans Islamic through radio and television stations. Expanding the program elements of Islamic values and personality to deal with social ills. Coordination and development of Islamic education Developing a team of experts in various fields of Islamic knowledge. Make Malaysia a hub for higher education and research al-Quran and al-hadith in regional and international levels. Develop and coordinate the management of the state religious school of Islamic education and Islamic schools. Develop and coordinate programs and classes al-Quran mass Ain (Kafa) in the current national education policy. Strengthening the role of institutions and programs prosperity mosque as a center of science and civilization of the community development that involves all walks of life. WHY ISLAM FORBIDS PORK Pork is the most commonly eaten forms of meat around the world, there are over 100 million metric tons of pork is consumed throughout the world. And pork can be served in different forms such as cooked or form of sausages. However, we know that Islam not eating pork but what is the reason they forbids pork. So now, we go to discuss about it. We know that food and drink have a direct effect on our health. That is why Islam prevents to unhealthy food. Because they believe both physical and moral health are equally important for a healthy society. Therefore, the abstention from eating pork is one of the steps taken by Islam to practice hygiene and to attain purity of soul. To cultivate our inner faculties, Islam insists upon the cleanliness of body and the purification of soul through Salaat (prayers), Zikr (remembrance of Allah) and other devotional duties. Islam teaches us how to attain the virtues and how to give up bad habits because both good and bad grow in the man according to his upbringing, education and environment. A human being has natural desires: food, sleep and sex being the three primary ones. He has also natural emotions: sorrow, happiness, love, fear, disgust and avarice etc. Islam doesnt recommend the complete abrogation of these impulses but offers a method of controlling them through religious education and discipline. The prohibition of eating pork in Islam is relevant in this context. There is a saying in English that a man becomes what he eats. According to physicians and medical experts, pork is a harmful diet. Consumption of swine-flesh creates lowliness in character and destroys moral and spiritual faculties in a man. Despite Islam allows Muslims to eat clean thing. However, in the consumption of meat, Muslims are required to be selective and distinguish the Halal foods. Dr. E. Kazim. M.D, in his article Medical aspects of forbidden foods in Islam (July 1981 issue of Muslim Journal) has described diseases carried or caused by the flesh of swine. He writes: The pig is a scavenger. It is an omnivorous animal. It eats everything. There are many diseases carried from swine to man, particularly parasite infestations. Lately extensive research has been focused on senility-old age is characterized by hardening of inner lining of the blood vessels of the heart, brain etc. a process called atherosclerosis. When a clot forms, it results in coronary thrombosis or a heart attack, cerebral thrombosis or stroke. Dr. Glen Shepherd wrote the following on the dangers of eating pork in Washington Post (31 May 1952): One in six people in USA and Canada have germs in their muscles trichinosis 8 from eating pork infected with trichina worms. Many people who are infected show no symptoms. Most of those, who do have, recover slowly. Some die; some are reduced to permanent invalids. All were careless pork caters. He continued: No one is immune from the disease and there is no cure. Neither antibiotics nor drugs or vaccines affect these tiny deadly worms. Preventing infection is the real answer. After reading the statement of Dr. Shepherd, one can realize that there is no real guarantee of safety when eating pork that one would not be affected by trichina worm. That is why modern doctors advise three prohibitions during illness: no liquor, no pork and no smoking. At the end we know that Muslim forbids pork because they respect their religion. They believe their GOD will care for them. But if they are under famine, they still can eat pork to survive, its no sin. CONCLUSION At the end, we found that Halal food have many benefits and thats why many people either Muslim or non Muslims, would like to choose Halal food. Halal meat is beneficial for nutrition and health. Only healthy animals can be slaughtered. It is done by Muslims who are trusted and experienced. The meat itself will have no blood clots within the veins-giving it a longer shelf life. Animals will be treated with mercy and respect and will be blessed with the name of God (Allah) prior to slaughter. Ethnic and religious considerations are not the only reasons why consumers are choosing kosher- and Halal-certified foods. Many perceive the extra supervision implicit in the certified foods assures higher quality and safer food products. According to Packaged Facts report, Market Trend: Kosher- and Halal-Certified Foods in the US, resonates with a similar report from Mintel released earlier this year, which concluded that the majority of US consumers who buy kosher foods do so for perceived quality and safety reasons, rather than for religious ones, and there is no reason to assume things are any different in Australia and New Zealand. They study found that three in five people who buy kosher food do so because they perceive it to be better quality, Halal food also have a lot of nutrition and they feel safe to eat it, and it free from any disease other that, availability to get Halal food is easier. The two most popular markets for Halal food are South-East Asia and the Middle East. By going through the Halal certification process, food processors will open up the possibility of additional clientele and often they will not even have to make changes to their product to get such certification. There are four steps in processing of Halal food that is: application, submission, processing certification and post certification. And whats the important in the steps of processing is certification attests that a product/service is suitable for Muslims and finished products which adhere to Halal manufacturing procedures carry a Halal symbol on the label. We know that all equipment used in the production of Halal foods must be free from contamination with non-Halal items and comply with the necessary hygiene and sanitation requirements. All ingredients must all be Halal as well. Favorable perceptions Many consumers believe that Halal and kosher food is produced under stricter supervision than is provided by government inspection and for many consumers the Halal and kosher symbols guarantee that the food is free of contaminants or disease and no preservatives added. The research indicated that more than half of consumers who purchased kosher products did so because they considered them to be safer than products not certified as kosher. Mintels research has shown that kosher was the most frequently used claim on food and drink products launched in the US in 2008 which, as the Jewish population is not increasing, suggests that the growing interest may be more to do with food safety than religion. Aside from religious requirements, kosher and Halal supervision adds another level of quality control in responding to the needs of the discerning consumer. Simply by adhering to the kosher and Halal requirements and having foods certified, processors will broaden their market.

Comparing Two Definitions of Home :: Compare Contrast Comparison

Comparing Two Definitions of Home For each person, home has a different meaning. For some, it is their house; for others, home focuses on where loved ones are. The two authors Richard Ford and Chang-Rae Lee consider home to be where the memories are. In their respective works, â€Å"I Must Be Going† and â€Å"Coming Home Again,† the authors explore home through memories. Ford’s memories are based on moving to new homes, while Lee’s memories are focused on his mother and cooking. Each, in turn, finds out what home means for himself. In Ford’s work, he explores how the idea that â€Å"transient is a word of reproach† (Ford 110), a stereotype which he does not agree with. Many people consider people who move often to have shallow roots. People with little foundation are suspicious to lengthy residents. In his life, he has moved roughly twenty times, but he does not â€Å"concede their establishment is any more established than† (110) his own. To Ford, home is all of the memories; physical location is irrelevant. He moves so often because â€Å"longing’s at the heart of it† (109). He has been longing to see the outside world. As a kid, he noted â€Å"that the world outside †¦ was the more magical, exotic place† (109-110) than his hometown. Remembering when he once owned a home, he felt so trapped. In a drunken rage, he flung paint on everything on a lower level. This shows that Ford has a strong need of personal freedom to move. He wants to control his own destiny, concluding that any of his problems are therefore â€Å"on [his] bill, not theirs† (111). Ford feels that â€Å"memory always needs replenishing† (110) and he does so by constantly moving from place to place. Ford questions the American southerner tradition that home is â€Å"supposed to hold† (110) Southerners to their houses and land. Ford feels differently about home: â€Å"home – real home – the important place that holds you, always meant that: affection, love† (110). For him, home is the pleasant memories he holds. Comparing Two Definitions of Home :: Compare Contrast Comparison Comparing Two Definitions of Home For each person, home has a different meaning. For some, it is their house; for others, home focuses on where loved ones are. The two authors Richard Ford and Chang-Rae Lee consider home to be where the memories are. In their respective works, â€Å"I Must Be Going† and â€Å"Coming Home Again,† the authors explore home through memories. Ford’s memories are based on moving to new homes, while Lee’s memories are focused on his mother and cooking. Each, in turn, finds out what home means for himself. In Ford’s work, he explores how the idea that â€Å"transient is a word of reproach† (Ford 110), a stereotype which he does not agree with. Many people consider people who move often to have shallow roots. People with little foundation are suspicious to lengthy residents. In his life, he has moved roughly twenty times, but he does not â€Å"concede their establishment is any more established than† (110) his own. To Ford, home is all of the memories; physical location is irrelevant. He moves so often because â€Å"longing’s at the heart of it† (109). He has been longing to see the outside world. As a kid, he noted â€Å"that the world outside †¦ was the more magical, exotic place† (109-110) than his hometown. Remembering when he once owned a home, he felt so trapped. In a drunken rage, he flung paint on everything on a lower level. This shows that Ford has a strong need of personal freedom to move. He wants to control his own destiny, concluding that any of his problems are therefore â€Å"on [his] bill, not theirs† (111). Ford feels that â€Å"memory always needs replenishing† (110) and he does so by constantly moving from place to place. Ford questions the American southerner tradition that home is â€Å"supposed to hold† (110) Southerners to their houses and land. Ford feels differently about home: â€Å"home – real home – the important place that holds you, always meant that: affection, love† (110). For him, home is the pleasant memories he holds.

Boolean Algebra

Basic Engineering Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates F Hamer, M Lavelle & D McMullan The aim of this document is to provide a short, self assessment programme for students who wish to understand the basic techniques of logic gates. c 2005 Email: chamer, mlavelle, [email  protected] ac. uk Last Revision Date: August 31, 2006 Version 1. 0 Table of Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Logic Gates (Introduction) Truth Tables Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra Boolean Algebra Final Quiz Solutions to Exercises Solutions to QuizzesThe full range of these packages and some instructions, should they be required, can be obtained from our web page Mathematics Support Materials. Section 1: Logic Gates (Introduction) 3 1. Logic Gates (Introduction) The package Truth Tables and Boolean Algebra set out the basic principles of logic. Any Boolean algebra operation can be associated with an electronic circuit in which the inputs and outputs represent the statements of Boolean algebra. Although these circuits may be com plex, they may all be constructed from three basic devices. These are the AND gate, the OR gate and the NOT gate. y AND gate x ·y x y OR gate x+y x NOT gate x In the case of logic gates, a di? erent notation is used: x ? y, the logical AND operation, is replaced by x  · y, or xy. x ? y, the logical OR operation, is replaced by x + y.  ¬x, the logical NEGATION operation, is replaced by x or x. The truth value TRUE is written as 1 (and corresponds to a high voltage), and FALSE is written as 0 (low voltage). Section 2: Truth Tables 4 2. Truth Tables x y x ·y x 0 0 1 1 Summary y x ·y 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 of AND gate x 0 0 1 1 Summary y x+y 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 of OR gate x y x+y x x 0 1 Summary of x 1 0 NOT gate Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 5 3. Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra The basic rules for simplifying and combining logic gates are called Boolean algebra in honour of George Boole (1815 – 1864) who was a self-educated English mathematician who developed many of t he key ideas. The following set of exercises will allow you to rediscover the basic rules: x Example 1 1 Consider the AND gate where one of the inputs is 1. By using the truth table, investigate the possible outputs and hence simplify the expression x  · 1.Solution From the truth table for AND, we see that if x is 1 then 1  · 1 = 1, while if x is 0 then 0  · 1 = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that x  · 1 = x, i. e. , x x 1 Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 6 Example 2 x 0 Consider the AND gate where one of the inputs is 0. By using the truth table, investigate the possible outputs and hence simplify the expression x  · 0. Solution From the truth table for AND, we see that if x is 1 then 1  · 0 = 0, while if x is 0 then 0  · 0 = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that x  · 0 = 0 x 0 0Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 7 Exercise 1. (Click on the green letters for the solutions. ) Obtain the rules for simplifying the logical expressions x (a) x + 0 which corresponds to the logic gate 0 (b) x + 1 which corresponds to the logic gate x 1 Exercise 2. (Click on the green letters for the solutions. ) Obtain the rules for simplifying the logical expressions: x (a) x + x which corresponds to the logic gate (b) x  · x which corresponds to the logic gate x Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 8 Exercise 3. Click on the green letters for the solutions. ) Obtain the rules for simplifying the logical expressions: (a) x + x which corresponds to the logic gate x (b) x  · x which corresponds to the logic gate x Quiz Simplify the logical expression (x ) represented by the following circuit diagram. x (a) x (b) x (c) 1 (d) 0 Section 3: Basic Rules of Boolean Algebra 9 Exercise 4. (Click on the green letters for the solutions. ) Investigate the relationship between the following circuits. Summarise your conclusions using Boolean expressions for the circuits. x y x y (a) (b) x y x yThe important relations developed in the above exer cise are called De Morgan’s theorems and are widely used in simplifying circuits. These correspond to rules (8a) and (8b) in the table of Boolean identities on the next page. Section 4: Boolean Algebra 10 4. Boolean Algebra (1a) x ·y = y ·x (1b) x+y = y+x (2a) x  · (y  · z) = (x  · y)  · z (2b) x + (y + z) = (x + y) + z (3a) x  · (y + z) = (x  · y) + (x  · z) (3b) x + (y  · z) = (x + y)  · (x + z) (4a) x ·x = x (4b) x+x = x (5a) x  · (x + y) = x (5b) x + (x  · y) = x (6a) x ·x = 0 (6b) x+x = 1 (7) (x ) = x (8a) (x  · y) = x + y (8b) (x + y) = x  · ySection 4: Boolean Algebra 11 These rules are a direct translation into the notation of logic gates of the rules derived in the package Truth Tables and Boolean Algebra. We have seen that they can all be checked by investigating the corresponding truth tables. Alternatively, some of these rules can be derived from simpler identities derived in this package. Example 3 Show how rule (5a) can be deriv ed from the basic identities derived earlier. Solution x  · (x + y) = = = = = x  · x + x  · y using (3a) x + x  · y using (4a) x  · (1 + y) using (3a) x  · 1 using Exercise 1 x as required. Exercise 5. Click on the green letter for the solution. ) (a) Show how rule (5b) can be derived in a similar fashion. Section 4: Boolean Algebra 12 The examples above have all involved at most two inputs. However, logic gates can be put together to join an arbitrary number of inputs. The Boolean algebra rules of the table are essential to understand when these circuits are equivalent and how they may be simpli? ed. Example 4 Let us consider the circuits which combine three inputs via AND gates. Two di? erent ways of combining them are x y z and x y z x  · (y  · z) (x  · y)  · z Section 4: Boolean Algebra 13However, rule (2a) states that these gates are equivalent. The order of taking AND gates is not important. This is sometimes drawn as a three (or more! ) input AND gate x y z x ·y ·z but really this just means repeated use of AND gates as shown above. Exercise 6. (Click on the green letter for the solution. ) (a) Show two di? erent ways of combining three inputs via OR gates and explain why they are equivalent. This equivalence is summarised as a three (or more! ) input OR gate x y z x+y+z this just means repeated use of OR gates as shown in the exercise. Section 5: Final Quiz 14 5. Final Quiz Begin Quiz 1.Select the Boolean expression that is not equivalent to x  · x + x  · x (a) x  · (x + x ) (b) (x + x )  · x (c) x (d) x 2. Select the expression which is equivalent to x  · y + x  · y  · z (a) x  · y (b) x  · z (c) y  · z (d) x  · y  · z 3. Select the expression which is equivalent to (x + y)  · (x + y ) (a) y (b) y (c) x (d) x 4. Select the expression that is not equivalent to x  · (x + y) + y (a) x  · x + y  · (1 + x) (b) 0 + x  · y + y (c) x  · y (d) y End Quiz Solutions to Exercises 15 Solutions to Exercise s Exercise 1(a) From the truth table for OR, we see that if x is 1 then 1 + 0 = 1, while if x is 0 then 0 + 0 = 0.This can be summarised in the rule that x + 0 = x x 0 Click on the green square to return x Solutions to Exercises 16 Exercise 1(b) From the truth table for OR we see that if x is 1 then 1 + 1 = 1, while if x is 0 then 0 + 1 = 1. This can be summarised in the rule that x + 1 = 1 x 1 Click on the green square to return 1 Solutions to Exercises 17 Exercise 2(a) From the truth table for OR, we see that if x is 1 then x + x = 1 + 1 = 1, while if x is 0 then x + x = 0 + 0 = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that x + x = x x x Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 18Exercise 2(b) From the truth table for AND, we see that if x is 1 then x  · x = 1  · 1 = 1, while if x is 0 then x  · x = 0  · 0 = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that x  · x = x x x Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 19 Exercise 3(a) From the truth t able for OR, we see that if x is 1 then x + x = 1 + 0 = 1, while if x is 0 then x + x = 0 + 1 = 1. This can be summarised in the rule that x + x = 1 x 1 Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 20 Exercise 3(b) From the truth table for AND, we see that if x is 1 then x  · x = 1  · 0 = 0, while if x is 0 then x  · x = 0  · 1 = 0.This can be summarised in the rule that x  · x = 0 x 0 Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 21 Exercise 4(a) The truth tables are: x y x y 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x y 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x+y 0 1 1 1 x 1 1 0 0 y 1 0 1 0 (x + y) 1 0 0 0 x  ·y 1 0 0 0 x y From these we deduce the identity x y (x + y) = x y x  ·y Click on the green square to return Solutions to Exercises 22 Exercise 4(b) The truth tables are: x y x y 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x y 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 x ·y 0 0 0 1 x 1 1 0 0 y 1 0 1 0 (x  · y) 1 1 1 0 x +y 1 1 1 0 x y From these we deduce the identity x y (x  · y) = x y x +y Click on the green square to returnSoluti ons to Exercises 23 Exercise 5(a) x+x ·y = x  · (1 + y) using (3a) = x  · 1 using Exercise 1 = x as required. Solutions to Exercises 24 Exercise 6(a) Two di? erent ways of combining them are x y z and x y z However, rule (2b) states that these gates are equivalent. The order of taking OR gates is not important. x + (y + z) (x + y) + z Solutions to Quizzes 25 Solutions to Quizzes Solution to Quiz: From the truth table for NOT we see that if x is 1 then (x ) = (1 ) = (0) = 1, while if x is 0 then (x ) = (0 ) = (1) = 0. This can be summarised in the rule that (x ) = x x x End Quiz Test: â€Å"Study Guide Algebra†